The article analyzes new phenomena of international investments localization into the development of sustainable energy and related R&D technologies, digital solutions, and intersectoral projects. Paper identifies new trends in investment localization, and concerns, firstly, with shifting the focus of the investment process to industries characterized by intensive establishment of global value chains, primarily in the sectors of complex high-tech electronics and electrical equipment. Secondly, investors pay special attention to the latest digital solutions as an innovative metatechnology of production, regardless of industry specifics. Thirdly, paper notes strengthening of new players role among investors from developing countries, leading in the primary, extractive links of value chains in conditions of increasing demand for rare fossil elements and minerals from manufacturers of digital equipment and clean energy systems. Therefore, involvement of new global companies from developing countries in the processes of energy transition investing and creating sustainable energy, and active inclusion in international sustainable energy chains is a relevant issue. The paper considers controversial correlation of the decarbonization policy aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere, growing need for additional energy consumption, and investment into design and development of «clean» industrial technologies. Hence, it makes most environmentally friendly industrial technologies commercially unavailable nowadays. We also agree with the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) proposal to develop a Global Compact for Action on Investments in Sustainable Energy.