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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JOURNAL OF REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">JOURNAL OF REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Журнал региональной и международной конкурентоспособности</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2782-1927</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">83000</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52957/2782-1927-2024-5-1-4-13</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Non-functional demand model vs functional demand model: prospects for competitiveness in a transforming world</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Модель нефункционального спроса vs модель функционального спроса: перспективы конкурентоспособности в трансформирующемся мире</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2195-8600</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Родина</surname>
       <given-names>Галина Алексеевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Rodina</surname>
       <given-names>Galina Alekseevna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>galinarodina@mail.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор экономических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of economic sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3783-4389</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Родин</surname>
       <given-names>Владимир Олегович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Rodin</surname>
       <given-names>Vladimir O.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат философских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of philosophical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Ярославский государственный технический университет</institution>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Yaroslavl State Technical University</institution>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Ярославский государственный театральный институт имени Фирса Шишигина</institution>
     <city>Ярославль</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Firs Shishigin Yaroslavl State Theatrical Institute</institution>
     <city>Yaroslavl</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-05-11T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>11</day>
    <month>05</month>
    <year>2024</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-05-11T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>11</day>
    <month>05</month>
    <year>2024</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>5</volume>
   <issue>1</issue>
   <fpage>4</fpage>
   <lpage>13</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-12-12T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>12</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2023</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-02-01T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>01</day>
     <month>02</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://jraic.com/en/nauka/article/83000/view">https://jraic.com/en/nauka/article/83000/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Цель статьи – проанализировать проблему изменения соотношения между нефункциональным и функциональным спросом. Основная задача представленного исследования видится в поиске ответа на вопрос: какая модель потребительского поведения – основанная на функциональном или нефункциональном спросе – является более конкурентоспособной в условиях экономики 20-х годов XXI века. Для решения этой задачи была изучена структура потребительского спроса, состоящая из двух частей: функционального и нефункционального спроса. Были выделены и рассмотрены разновидности последнего, а также причины его экспансии в современном социуме. Особый акцент был сделан на фиксации изменения потребительских ориентиров, что выразилось в поиске удовлетворения не только материальных потребностей, но также эстетических, эмоциональных и социальных. Это позволило сформулировать вывод о наличии объективных причин распространения нефункционального спроса в настоящее время. В рамках нефункционального спроса был проведён анализ зарождения и расширения феномена дауншифтинга через трансформацию основы функционального спроса. Авторы исходят из того, что качественные изменения в мировом социально-экономическом развитии произвели переворот в теоретических представлениях о рациональности, являющихся основой модели функционального спроса. Авторы ставят под сомнение трактовку дауншифтинга как модели иррационального потребительского поведения и выдвигают гипотезу о правомерности анализа этого нового явления в рамках функционального спроса. Условием реализации гипотезы авторы считают принятие допущения о возможности изменения целевых установок социума, что приводит к трансформации понятия «эффективность» за последние 300 лет. Сделан прогноз относительно возрастания в основании рациональности неэкономических целей сотрудничества, взаимовыгодности, сопряжения знаний и технологий духовно-нравственным, культурным и этическим принципам и нормам. В итоге, вопреки распространённой оценке дауншифтинга как девиантной формы потребительского поведения, была выдвинута гипотеза относительно того, что дауншифтинг вписывается в матрицу классического потребительского выбора с учётом трансформации самой этой матрицы.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>The purpose of the article is to analyse the problem of changing the relationship between non-functional and functional demand. The main task of the presented research is to define the most competitive model (based on functional or non-functional demand) of consumer behaviour in the conditions of the economy of the 20s of the XXI century. To solve this problem, we studied the structure of consumer demand: functional and non-functional ones. We identified the features of non-functional demand, and considered the reasons for its expansion in modern society. Moreover, paper highlights fixing changes in consumer orientations, which resulted in the search for satisfaction not only of material needs, but also aesthetic, emotional, and social ones. It allowed us to formulate a conclusion on the existence of objective reasons for the spread of non-functional demand. Within the framework of non-functional demand, we perform an analysis of origin and expansion of the downshifting phenomenon through the transformation of the basis of functional demand. The authors believe that qualitative changes in global socio-economic development have revolutionized the theoretical concepts of rationality, which are the basis of the functional demand model. Nevertheless, authors criticise the interpretation of downshifting as a model of irrational consumer behaviour, and put forward a hypothesis on the legitimacy of this new phenomenon to be analysed within the framework of functional demand. The authors consider the assumption of the possibility of changing the objectives of society to be a condition for the realization of this hypothesis. it can cause the transformation of «efficiency» concept over the past 300 years. Paper forecasts increasing of non-economic goals rationality, cooperation, mutual benefits, and the coupling of knowledge and technology to moral, cultural, and ethical principles and norms. As a result, in the contrary to the widespread assessment of downshifting as a deviant form of consumer behavior, there was put forward hypothesis considering downshifting as a part of classical consumer choice matrix, taking into account the transformation of this matrix itself.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>конкурентоспособность</kwd>
    <kwd>функциональный спрос</kwd>
    <kwd>нефункциональный спрос</kwd>
    <kwd>социальный спрос</kwd>
    <kwd>спекулятивный спрос</kwd>
    <kwd>нерациональный спрос</kwd>
    <kwd>иррациональный спрос</kwd>
    <kwd>эффект вагона</kwd>
    <kwd>эффект сноба</kwd>
    <kwd>эффект Веблена</kwd>
    <kwd>дауншифтинг.</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>functional demand; non-functional demand; social demand; speculative demand; irrational and nonrational demand; bandwagon effect; snob effect; Veblen effect; downshifting</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
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